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Reading Passage 1 You should ideally spend 20 minutes on Questions 1-14 based on Reading Passage 1 below. Propaganda- The good, the bad and the ugly
A. Imagine for a moment that you are an impoverished citizen of ancient Egypt, hopefully hoeing the desert and wondering where reference is will bloom. Suddenly, a vapour of dust appears on the horizon which eventually resolves itself into a rush of ponies and chariots dominated by heavily armed soldiers followed, eventually, by a crocodile of wearied slaves lugging structure materials.
B. They all came to see you a halting outside your residence and you make a strategic withdrawal indoors, from where you watch them through a incision in the wall. In an amazingly short-lived lime, the slaves build a 40 -foot high-pitched obelisk which Is then surrounded by it swarm of stonemasons. Then, when the cultivate, whatever it is, has been completed, the part company withdraws as quickly as it came.
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C. Once the coast is clear, you pussyfoot outside to examine their handiwork. The obelisk is covered with sculptures of soldiers, glancing remarkably like those who have just left, engaged in countless victorious duels, ravaging the countryside and gruesomely killing people who look singularly looks just like you. prominently drawn, surveying sphinx-like the carnage committed in his same, is the Pharaoh. You can’t spoke, but you get the picture. You, in consort with your disaffected neigh hours, had been foreseeing, in a instead desultory style, a small uprising. You modify your judgment in what is one of the easiest examples of the capability of propaganda.
D. Of course, as is often the occasion with big ideas when they tire in their infancy, the methodology used utilized. In ancient Egypt were far from subtle, But over precede centuries, the use of publicity was conscientiously honed. It was not until the First World War that publicity stirred the quantum leap from the gentler prowess of persuasion to become the tool of coercion. As Philip Taylor says in War and the Media:” Before 1914, it simply intended the aims by which the proponent of a particular doctrine … transmitted his minds among his audience … propaganda is simply a process of persuasion. As a perception, it is neutral and is advisable to devoid of value judgements”.
E. It is unlikely, at least in the West, that information is to be able to be refurbished as a neutral idea. The most term is now so laded with ominou implications that it elicits an immediate and visceral gumption of anger. For the use of propaganda reached its apogee in the machinery of the Third Reich. Hitler and Goebbels between them heightened it to a black art of such vile power that it has been permanently repudiated among those who evidenced its expression. Indeed in 1936 at Nuremberg, Hitler attributed his part success to the of publicity. He said: “Propaganda brought us to capability, publicity has since enabled us to remain in power, and propaganda will give us the means of subduing the world “.
F. It is therefore unsurprising that Western governments and politicians are liable to perform the most extreme presentational acrobatics in their efforts to avoid the dreaded “p” term being applied to any of their activities. They have developed superb vocabularies of euphemisms and doublespeak to distance themselves from any adulterate of it, real or imagined. Inevitably, the media is alive to this hypersensitivity and the “p” word has become a potent weapon in its arsenal. It is use pejoratively, with intent to discredit and gale, as governments are painfully aware. For propaganda is the spectre that specters many a government-inspired media fest. It is the uninvited guest, the empty-headed chair which serves to remind the multitudes precisely why the meet has been convened and magnetisms them to run quality research on the fare on offer — is it factually healthful, is it presented in a balanced and candid highway, is its integrity intact?
G. In this one respect, at least, the negative meanings attached to propaganda actually act a positive gathering. They furnish a salutary reminder of ail that government information is reputed not to be and act as a merciless inhibit on any blowout predilection to excess. Most importantly, the public is alive to the dangers of publicity and notify to its manifestations whether overt or covert. They know that propaganda is the serpent lurking In the tree of acquaintance; that it is subtle, it beguiles, it seduces, it obfuscates, it braces out simple dreams and turns them into nightmare realities, it subverts, it pretends to be other than it is. They know that it is the poisoned fruit of the goblin market , not the plateau food of truth that is the staple diet of information. And they will not tolerate It. They submit instead to the more blatant blandishments of announce, which might be regarded as the wolf of propaganda, tamed and turned to domestic use. Safe in the knowledge that the wolf has been securely trussed by the rules and regulations of the Advertising Standards Authority, they knowingly consent to be had,
Questions 1-10
Complete the verse below, which is a summary of sections. Choose a suitable word from the text for each blank.
Write your answers in Blank infinites 1-10 on your answer sheet.
You may use any utterance more than once.
Example: information- the good, the bad and the____________.
Answer: ugly.
_____1______ that you are a poor_________2______ living in archaic Egypt, when a banding of soldiers accompanied by a________3_____ of slaves carrying house textiles appears on the background. While you are inside your house, the slaves make an __________4_____ and the whole company disappears. The_________5______ boasts fleshes like those soldiers which has recently left can participate in triumphant clashes and, in a prominent berth, the relevant figures of the sphinx-like_____6________. After briefly considering an_________7_____, you and another dwellers change your___________8______ In what is one of the earliest Instances of the capability of______ 9______, albeit a not unusually _______ 10 ____ one.
Questions 11 -1 4 Choose the suitable notes -AD and write them next to 11 -1 4 on your answer sheet.
11 According to Philip Taylor, propaganda …
A is needed to transmit people’s beliefs
B was a tool of coercion before 1914
C has always been a neutral force
D was merely a process of persuading people to do things prior to the opening of 1914
12 According to Philip Taylor, hype …
A is not a neutral concept
B is price laden up until 1914
C is ti neutral concept
D was a neutral notion up until 1914
13 Politicians in the West …
A will do anything to avoid apply the word propaganda
B like exerting the word propaganda in the media
C do not dread the” p” word
D are accomplished acrobats
14 The public …
A are happy to be deluded by advertisers
B are deceived by advertisers
C are not fooled by advertisers
D respect the advertisers
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Reading Passage 2 You should waste about 20 minutes on Questions 15 -2 8, which are based on reading passage 2 below. The pursuing of learning
A. Harmonizing to the great English lexicographer Samuel Johnson, acquaintance is of two species. We know a topic ourselves or we know where we can find information upon it( Boswell Life vol. 2 p, 383 18 April 1775 ). In the information-driven world we now inhabit, the latter has assumed a far greater height of importance.
B. At the time of the European Renaissance, which covered the 14th, fifteenth and six-teenth centuries, it was considered possible for the acquainted, well-read man, the so-called Renaissance man, to possess the sum total of human knowledge. Admittedly, the body of knowledge then accessible was restricted, being held firmly in check by various important factors; the rarity of notebooks in circulation at that time; the difficulty of acquiring copies of the texts; the need to copy texts by hand; and the cost of doing so. The sample of Lupus of Ferrieres’ search for the Arsrhetorica of Fortunatus in the ninth century was echoed again and again throughout the Latin West until the momentous advent of reproducing in the middle of the fifteenth century. Printed records learnt the end of some of the practical limitations placed on the spread of human knowledge. The first revolution in Information technology had begun.
C. Renaissance man was rapidly left behind by this development; and, henceforth, it would be increasingly difficult for the instructed humankind to cope with the expansion of knowledge that spurted through Europe via the medium of movable kind. In today’s world, the scenario could hardly be more different. The most well-read individual, whom we have been able to legitimately call information man, or homo sapiens, would certainly be considerably more knowledgeable than Renaissance man, Yet, because of the ever-expanding increase in the sum total of human knowledge over the latter half of the last millennium, and the changes in the world of technology, easy access to information has increased the prestige of the educated individual. All that he can hope to be now is an expert in a restricted arena , not the all-knowing polymath of yesteryear.
D. It Is not surprising to see beings overtook by the unlimited torrent of Information. There is simply too much of it to adjust, and it is difficult to know what to do with the data once it is received; which draws us back to Johnson’s statements. But we need to add another dimension to his dictum, one which was probably genuine in his time, but is even more pertinent today: people need to be able to live the learning they acquire and not just know it or know where to find it. Our deficiency in this regard is, perhaps, the most singular failure of the modern info age.
E. Acquisitiveness is a natural human Instinct. Children collect posters of footballers, or whatever is the latest fad, Stamps, coins and books are targets for children and adult collectors( dike, as their basic abilities are dallied upon and nourished by market personnels. The desire to gather knowledge is nothing new. What is astonishing, nonetheless, Is the path in which parties treat the knowledge ones It has been obtained. It is as if the accumulation were an end in Itself; and herein lies the great deception, We have turned the world countries into a large machine of information, a veritable vortex into which we are all being Inexorably sucked, People beaver away amassing raw data, labouring under the misapprehension that they are doing something useful when all that is really happening is the movement of information from one place to another, We should barely be surprised that, as this becomes apparent, disenchantment and stress in the workplace arc becoming unhappily the all too common consequences.
F. The world Is not really the richer for having the current wealth of lore at its fingertips. It is like standing amongst the wealth of the British Library, the Bibliotheque Nationals in Paris or other immense libraries and not being able to read. So what is to be done? Training in collecting and processing relevant information, followed by learning to assemble, analyse and select or jettison is the self-evident solution, But there is such a dearth of people who know what to do that one remains pessimistic.
The pursuit of lore is sadly not all it is cracked up to be.
Questions 15 -2 1
Complete the convicts below. Use NO MORE THAN FOUR WORDS from the passing to complete each blank space.
Write your answers in Blank rooms next to 15 -2 1 on your answer sheet.
15 Samuel Johnson was an___________________. 16 Renaissance man supposedly retained all__________________. 17 The spread of learning varied with the all important___________________. 18 According to the writer, today’s knowledge follower knows more than_______________. 19 The standing of the modern developed mortal has been diminished by _________________. 20 The polymath of the Renaissance is described as_______________________. 21 In today’s world, people are weighed down by the endless__________________.
Questions 22 -2 5
Answer the questions below. Use NO MORE THAN FOUR WORDS from the transition for each answer.
Write your answers next to 22 -2 5 on your answer sheet.
22 How does “the authors ” describe people’s inability in the modern world to use the knowledge that they find? 23 What is the desire to collect things described as? 24 According to the author, what has the world turned into? 25 What are the consequences in the workplace of moving large amounts of raw data around?
Questions 26 -2 8
Do the statements below agree with the information in Reading Passage 1?
In Boxes 26 -2 8, write 😛 TAGEND
YES, if the statement agrees with the information in the passage
NO, if the statement denies the information in the passage
NOT GIVEN, if there is no information about the statement in the passage
Example: The European Renaissance spanned the 14 th, 15 th and 16 th centuries.
Answer: Yes.
26 As the world has a wealth of insight within easy reaching, it is now richer, 27 Knowledge processing trends will soon be obligatory for all library laborers. 28 The writer believes that the purpose of applying acquaintance is worthwhile.
Reading Passage 3 You should invest about 20 minutes on Questions 29 -4 0, which are based on Reading Passage 3 below.
A. Between the Inishowen peninsula , north-west of Derry, and the Glens of Antrim, in the shed beyond the Sperrin Mountains, are discovered some of Western Europe’s most captivating and alluring landscape. The Roe Valley Park, some 15 miles east of Deny is a prime example. The Park, like so many Celtic situates, is steeped in biography and legend. As the Roe runs down through heather bogs in the Sperrin Mountains to the South, it is a river by the time it chips through what was once called the “garden of the feeling”- in Celtic ” Gortenanima “.
B. The castling of O’Cahftn previously stood here and a number of residences which made up the town of Limavady. The city makes its mention from the mythology of a hound leaping into the river Roe carrying a send, or perhaps chasing a stag. This is a mystical situate, where the sea draws its style through rock-and-roll and woodland; at times, lingering in brooding puddles of obscurity cool sea under the shade of summer trees, and, at others, wording weirs and conducts for liquid mills now long gone.
C. The Roe, like all rivers, is witness to autobiography and vary. To Mullagh Hill, on the west bank of the River Roe just outside the present-day town of Limavady, St, Columba came in 575 AD for the Convention of Drumccatl, The world is probably unaware that it knows something of Limavady; but the town is, in fact, renowned for Jane Ross’s song Danny Boy, written to a tune once played by a hobo in the street.
D. Some 30 miles along the coast road from Limavady, one comes upon the lonely but enforcing ruining of Dunluce Castle, which stands on a soft basalt outcrop, in defiance of the tumultuou Atlantic lashing it on all sides. The jagged- saw-toothed ruinings sit proudly on their rock-and-roll surface commanding the coastline to throw and west. The only connection to the mainland is by a restrict connection. Until the kitchen courtroom fell into the sea in 1639 killing various servants, the palace was fully colonized, In the next hundred years or so, the structure gradually fell into Its present drastic state of dilapidation, deprived of its ceilings by air and condition and stripped by a worker of its carved stonework. Ruined and lonely its characteristic may be, yet, in the haunting Celtic twilight of the long summertime nights, it is redolent of another age, another dream.
E. A mile or so to the cast of the palace lies Port na Spanish, where the Neapolitan Gaileas, Girona, from the Spanish Armada went down one dark October night in 1588 on its channel to Scotland. Of the 1500′ Odd mortals on board, nine endured. Even further towards the east, is the Giant’s Causeway, a stunning coastline with strangely symmetrical editorials of nighttime basalt- a beautiful geological two under, person formerly said of the causeway that it was worth seeing, but not worth going to see, That was in the days of ponies and carriages when hurtling was difficult. But it is indeed well worth a inspect. The last-place remain instants of the gloom hours are the best time to savour the full power of the coastline’s magic; the time when the place comes into its own.
F. The sightseers are disappeared and if you are very lucky you will be alone, It is not frightening, but there is a power in the place; definite, yet inexplicable. The feeling is one of eeriness and longing, uni of something missing, something not quite fulfilled; the loss of light and the promise of darkness; a epoch between two worlds, Once suffered, this feeling never leaves you: the longing haunts and drags at you for the rest of your daytimes. Beyond the Causeway, connecting the two sides of the strait with an outcrop of stone jutting out of the tumultuou Atlantic is the Carrick-a-Hede Hope Bridge- Not a intersection for the faint-hearted. The Bridge jives above a gap of scurrying, foaming liquid that seeks to drag the unwary down, and away.
Questions 29 -3 3
Choose one utterance( -AE) from the schedule of places to name the planned below, Write the appropriate notes( -Ai) in Boxes 29 -3 3 on your answer sheet,
List of places
A The Sperrin Mountains
B Dunluce Castle
C Inishowen
D The Glens of Antrim
E Limavady
Questions 34 -3 7 Do the statements below agreed to accept the Information in Reading Passage 3? In Boxes 34 -3 7, write YES, if the statement agrees with the information in the channel NO, if the statement denies the information in the quotation NOT GIVEN, if there is no information about the statement in the move
Example: Inishowen is in the north-west of Ireland. Answer: Yes.
34 After 1639 the castle of Dunluce was not altogether uninhabited. 35 For the author, Dunluce castle provokes another period of history. 36 There were more than 1500 humankinds on the Girona when it went down. 37 The writer disagrees with the viewpoint that the Giant’s Causeway is not worth going to
Questions 38 -4 0 Choose the suitable symbols -AD and write them next to 38 -4 0 on your answer sheet.
38 The writer feels that the Giant’s Causeway is …
A un unsettling place
B relaxing place
C a boring place
D a lieu that helps one unwind
39 Where was this passage taken from?
A the bulletin division of a newspaper
B A pas division in a newspaper
C a biography
D an academic publication on geography
40 Which of the following would be a good designation for the passageway?
A The Roe Valley Park
B The Giant’s Causeway
C Going Hast to West
D A change into history
Answers
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Reading aisle 1
1. Imagine 2. Citizen 3. Crocodile 4. Obelisk 5. Obelisk 6. Pharaoh 7. Upheaval 8. Mind/minds 9. Propaganda 10. Insidiou 11.
12. D 13. D 14. A 15. B
Reading text 2
16. English lexicographer
17. (of) human knowledge
18. Advert of publishing
19. Renaissance man 20. Easy access to information/ easily accessible information/ easy information access
21. All-knowing 22. Creek of information
23. The most singular disappointment
24. A natural human instinct
25. A whirl/ a veritable vortex/ a large information machine
26. Disappointment and stress
27. No 28. Not returned
29. No
[readingebook] Reading passing 3
30. C 31. E 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. Not Given
36. Yes 37. Yes 38. A 39. B 40. D
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